太阳房结合相变蓄能技术研究应用进展
徐小龙1 牛润萍2
(1.沈阳建筑大学,沈阳 110168;2.北京建筑工程学院,北京 100044)
摘 要:国内外对如何将相变蓄能技术应用到太阳房中进行了大量的研究,从相变材料的选择、相变材料与建筑的结合方式、系统特点及作用效果几个方面总结了相变蓄能技术与太阳能建筑集成应用的形式及特点。结合Team Ontario/BC设计搭建的太阳房工程案例,分析了在建筑围护结构中添加相变材料后对负荷、室内温度、能耗的影响。指出了将相变蓄能结合太阳能建筑利用的潜力及亟待解决的实际问题。
关键词:太阳房;相变蓄能;节能
APPLICATION PROGRESS OF RESEARCH ON SOLAR BUILDING COMBINED WITH PHASE CHANGE ENERGY STORAGE
Xu Xiao-long1 Niu Run-ping2
(1.School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China;2.School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China)
Abstract:A large number of research are carried out the way phase change energy storage combined with solar house at home and abroad. From the selection of phase change material(pcm), combination of pcm with construction, system characteristics as well as the effect summarizes the characteristics and form of the phase change energy storage with solar building integrated applications. Combined with solar house case Team Ontario/BC designed, analyzed the effects of load, indoor temperature, energy consumption after adding pcm to building envelope. This paper also points out the potential of phase change energy storage combined with solar building and some practical problems urgent need to solve.
Keywords:solar house ;phase change energy storage ;energy saving
引言
建筑节能是我国节能减排的重点领域之一,在建筑中积极提高能源使用效率,能够大大缓解国家能源紧缺状况,促进中国国民经济建设的发展。采暖地区的冬季采暖能耗在建筑能耗中占有相当大的比例,利用太阳能这种可再生能源进行采暖可缓解能源危机和环境污染的双重压力。
太阳能资源丰富、分布广泛,清洁、无污染,但由于太阳辐射受昼夜、季节、纬度、海拔高度、阴雨天气等自然条件的影响,太阳能的不稳定性和间断性对其利用增加了难度,为了使其成为连续、稳定的能源,就必须很好地解决蓄能问题。相变蓄热材料储热密度高、重量轻,在蓄冷/蓄热系统中应用相变蓄能技术可实现节能或转移负荷的目的;应用到建筑中能明显提高建筑的蓄热能力,实现保温、蓄热一体化,提高建筑对太阳光热的利用效率。本文根据近些年太阳房和相变技术结合应用的实验研究及太阳房设计工程实例论述了太阳能技术与相变技术联合应用的可行性与推广价值。