· 仇保兴：灾后重建生态城镇纲要 · 绿色建筑 光伏应用锋芒现 · 瑞士的清洁能源之道 · 智能建筑行业前景广阔 · 将建筑节能进行到底 · 路灯节能大有文章可做 · 仲继寿：新建筑未来发展如何利用太阳 · 风电、太阳能可解电荒？

地址: Ebensburg, PA 

建筑面积: 3,340 sq. meters

竣工日期: October 2000 

高度: 2-story building 

能源利用: Ground-source heat pumps are linked to a closed-loop, ground-source heat pump well field that provides HVAC heating and cooling supply as well as domestic hot water heating. Raised-access flooring provides an underfloor supply air plenum for displacement heating and cooling air distribution through floor-mounted air diffusers.

A 14.3 kW PV array mounted on south-facing sloped roofs provides 28% of the total energy costs. Several of these PV panels are mounted on solar tracking devices.

Heat recovery air-handling units provide ventilation make-up air separated from conditioned air, thereby allowing for conditioned air equipment to be shut off when not needed. Ventilation air is preconditioned through energy recovery, which also provides the necessary dehumidification for the system.

Fourth-generation design of light shelves on south-facing windows increases lighting levels by reflecting natural light deeper into interior spaces; at the same time, cooling loads are reduced by shading windows from exposure to summer solar radiation.

Site-specific reverse-baffle solar shading devices were designed to shade other south-facing windows from high-altitude summer sun while allowing low-altitude winter solar radiation to penetrate into interior spaces. Second floor south-facing windows are shaded via integral roof overhangs.

Lighting power density is reduced to an average of less than 0.75 W/ft2 (8 W/m2), which significantly reduces both electrical energy consumption and cooling loads. This was accomplished by integrating the following components: split task/ambient lighting scheme; indirect fluorescent lighting fixtures with T-8 lamps and electronic dimming ballasts controlled by light-level sensors; natural daylighting via clerestory window monitors; occupancy-sensored switching at workstations, toilet rooms, and conference rooms; roll-down solar shades and south-facing windows; compact fluorescent lighting fixtures with vertical lamp configurations; and LED exit signs.

Manufactured wiring distribution systems incorporate relocatable floor boxes mounted in access floor panels with quick-disconnect cabling to provide maximum flexibility for tele-data and power provisions. Such flexibility supports workstation reconfigurations and minimizes chum rate costs.

The building's thermal envelope achieves high-performance levels by integrating exterior walls constructed of highly insulating—R-30 (RSI-5.3)—EPS structural concrete wall forms; high-density fiberboard roof decking laminated with an interior reflective surface coupled with 4 in. (100 mm) of rigid polyisocyanurate insulation to provide a composite roof insulation of R-33 (RSI 5.8); pre-manufactured aluminum-clad windows which provide triple-glazed, low-e coated, argon-filled insulating glass with a whole-unit U-value of 0.29 (1.6 W/m2*C); storefront window fabrication including high-performance, thermally broken frames and triple-glazed, low-e coated, argon-filled insulating glass with a whole-unit U-value of 0.26 (1.5 W/m2*C); and a concrete floor slab on grade which is insulated with 2 in. (50 mm) of EPS rigid insulation.

This high-performance thermal envelope, in conjunction with space planning that locates no workstations directly adjacent to window walls, eliminated the need to design separate perimeter thermal zones and supplemental perimeter heating systems.

节水方案: Cambria's site selection, building placement, and parking layouts were integrated with existing site conditions in order to eliminate negative impacts on existing wetlands and to minimize the removal of existing trees.

The parking areas utilize grass planting pervious parking surfacing in order to minimize stormwater runoff. Impervious paving is limited to circulation aisles.

The exterior lighting design reduces light pollution. Required clearing of existing vegetation was limited to a maximum of 25 ft (7.6 m) from the building perimeter. The building is oriented along an east-west axis in order to maximize south and north solar exposures. High-albedo roofing materials and strategic planting of deciduous trees help reduce "heat island" effects. A significant portion of the site was left undisturbed. Indigenous plantings and other landscaping efforts resulted in no net increase in the rate of stormwater leaving the site.

Cambria's specified plumbing fixtures reduce aggregate water consumption to a level of water usage that equates to more than 30% less than the requirements of the federal Energy Policy Act of 1992.

The lavatories are equipped with extremely economical "push rod" automatic faucet controls that reduce water consumption by over 40% and minimize piping redundancies by mixing hot and cold water into single pipe supply lines.

The toilet rooms are equipped with waterless urinals that require no water supply or flush valves and minimize maintenance costs.

材料选择: Selection of building materials was based on the renewability of the resource, environmental effects associated with production of the product, and each product's recycled content and recyclability. Materials selection criteria resulted in specifying over 30% of building materials manufactured within 300 miles (480 km) of the project site.

Building plans include a centralized storage area for materials separation and recycling.

Diversion of Construction & Demolition Waste

The design of building and materials systems utilized modular dimensioning in order to minimize construction waste.

A construction waste management plan monitored recycling of cardboard, metals, concrete, wood, masonry, plastic, glass, gypsum board, insulation, beverage containers, carpet, and other materials during construction.

室内环境品质: Smoking is prohibited throughout the building.

All paints, adhesives, sealants, and coatings were selected to minimize VOCs and eliminate solvent-based products.

Floor-mounted air-distribution diffusers provide 100% ventilation efficiency. These diffusers also provide individually controlled thermal comfort: each occupant has the ability to control and vary the quantity of air delivered to his or her workspace. Operable windows are used throughout.

Building entrances are equipped with permanent floor mat systems which provide walk-off areas to help prevent particles from contaminating interior spaces.

Specifications include an IAQ management plan for construction that mandates protection and/or cleaning of ventilation systems and insures reduced levels of construction contaminants in the building prior to occupancy. The building is equipped with permanently installed indoor air quality monitoring devices for measuring humidity, temperature, CO2 levels, and VOCs.