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地址: Silver Spring, MD 

建筑面积: 8,600 sq. meters

竣工日期: November 2004

能源利用: The EVC building is a four-story, multifamily, residential building that was converted from a U-shaped concrete-framed office building. The renovated building maintains the same U-shape design, but includes added green features, including a front façade with a sunshade and a “living” roof with plants to control rainwater runoff and reduce cooling loads.

Each of the dwelling units, along with common areas of the building, is served with high-efficiency ground-source heat pumps connected to a common circulation loop. The circulation loop utilizes a U-tube ground heat exchanger in order to provide heat rejection for the heat pumps in cooling mode and heat addition for the heat pumps in heating mode. The ground heat exchanger consists of 40 boreholes, each six inches in diameter and 600 feet deep, in which 1-¼“ polyethylene U-tube pipes are installed.

Wall insulation was added as part of the retrofit, and new windows use low-emissivity glazing for an improved building envelope. The roof has an R value of 23.6 at the green roof and 25 at the pavers. Interior lighting consists of a combination of compact fluorescent fixtures and standard incandescent fixtures, and exterior lighting is designed to be appropriately low-level. Energy Star(r) appliances throughout reduce the building's plug load.

The retrofitted EVC building performs 44% better than the ASHRAE 90.1-1999 baseline requirement using the energy cost budget methodology.

节水方案: Native and adaptive species of plants are used in the courtyard garden and vegetative roof, eliminating the need for a permanent irrigation system. The selected plants are all native to Maryland and after the first year of establishment will not require irrigation. Four rain barrels have also been acquired for future connection to the building's existing downspouts; collected rainwater will be used in extreme drought conditions and future vegetable gardening.

Dwelling units and common spaces have low-flow plumbing fixtures meeting or providing higher efficiency than 1992 Energy Policy Act standards, as well as closets with hookups for optional stacked washers and dryers. The interior plumbing fixtures use 20% less water than conventional condominium buildings as a result of a combination of ultra-water-efficient showerheads (using 1.75 gallons per minute) and low-flow lavatory faucet aerators (using 1.5 gallons per minute). Energy Star(r), low-water-use dishwashers and clothes washers also save 35% compared with standard appliances.

材料选择: The adaptive reuse of the existing building preserved over 96% of the existing structure and over 82% of the existing shell, not including windows, conserving significant quantities of material and related resources.

New materials used for the project include products manufactured with recycled content, such as rubber surfacing, metal trellising, structural steel, steel studs, insulation, roofing, gypsum board, carpet, and carpet pad. Furthermore, linoleum and bamboo flooring, both made from rapidly renewable materials, were used in sufficient quantities to represent over 6% of the total new materials cost. Finally, regionally manufactured materials were used where practical, conserving transportation resources.

室内环境品质: Though some smaller window openings were retained form the existing structure, new window openings and double-height spaces were carved out of selected floor slabs. These strategies, combined with light-colored interior finishes, enhance daylighting to the extent practical.

A recessed floor grate placed at the main building entrance traps particulates before they enter the building, and an abundance of hardsurface flooring in common spaces and some units facilitates easier, more effective cleaning than carpeting would allow. The volatile organic compound (VOC) content of adhesives and sealants used in the project comply with the limits of South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule 1168. Zero-VOC and low-VOC paints meeting the VOC and chemical component limits of Green Seal’s Standard GS-11 were also used. Carpet systems, where used, comply with the Carpet and Rug Institute's Green Label Indoor Air Quality Test Program.

The retrofitted building meets the minimum requirements of voluntary consensus standard ASHRAE 62-1999, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality and approved addenda, with operable windows, exhaust fans, and an optimum average infiltration of approximately 0.35 air changes per hour. Pathways for environmental tobacco smoke transfer between individual residential units were minimized by sealing penetrations in walls, ceilings, and floors in the residential units and by sealing vertical chases adjacent to the units. In addition, all doors in the residential units leading to common hallways are weather-stripped to minimize air leakage into the hallway. Blower-door testing performed on a 10-unit sampling verified that environmental tobacco smoke transfer from private units would be sufficiently controlled by the building design and construction.